What is the Japanese symbolism of the azure dragon and 'takara zukushi'?
The above pattern depicts Seiryu (also known as the azure or blue green dragon). Seiryu is one of the Four Mythical Guardians from Chinese constellations and mythology that was adopted by Japan in the early 7th century. Seiryu is considered the protector of eastern Japan and controller of rain. Kyoto's Kiyomizu-dera Temple continues to hold an annual festival to honor him. Seiryu is associated with the season of spring, the planet Jupiter, and the Chinese element of wood. He is a symbol of ferocity, unrivaled strength, luxury, and creativity. Seiryu is often considered the leader of the other three Mythical Guardians.
In this textile pattern the dragon is surrounded by clouds and 'takara zukushi', which means "all kinds of treasures." These traditional treasures originated through Buddhist teachings from India and China. They entered Japan during the Muromachi era (1334-1573) and became more secular over time. The motifs continued to appear on clothing to bring the wearer good fortune.
Here we see the mantle of feathers ('hagoromo') which belongs to a celestial dancing spirit and is central to a Noh play of the same name.
The magic mallet ('uchide no kozuchi' or 'tsuchi') delivers the bearer's wishes when struck. Daikokuten, one of seven lucky gods who is associated with prosperity and food, is typically depicted holding this mallet.
These are cloves ('choji') which are symbolic of wealth and immortality due to their rarity and traditional use as a cure.
Here is the magic hiding hat ('kakuregasa'). It makes the wearer invisible to demons and evil spirits.
The bag of unlimited wealth ('nunobukuro').
Seven treasures motif ('shippo tsunagi') of four overlapping circles equal on all sides, and representing the treasures of gold, silver, crystal, coral, agate, pearl, and lapis lazuli.